domingo, 23 de octubre de 2011

INFECCIONES DE TRANSMISIÓN SEXUAL Y EL VIH


Estimados colegas esta información muy interesante sobre ITS y VIH obtenidos de Journal Watch.

Saludos

Dr. Carlos Erazo

STDs

Journal Watch
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STDs for October 18, 2011

SUMMARY AND COMMENT
The results illustrate the need for frequent repeat testing and comprehensive prevention efforts.
Reviewing: Kranzer K et al. PLoS ONE 2011 Sep 28; 6:e25244
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
Women using hormonal contraception — especially injectable forms — had a twofold increase in the risk for both acquiring and transmitting HIV infection.
Reviewing: Heffron R et al. Lancet Infect Dis 2011 Oct 4;
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
October 7, 2011 | Carole Gilling-Smith, MD, PhD | HIV/AIDS Clinical Care
In a group of studies that involved more than 1700 HIV-serodiscordant couples undergoing sperm washing with assisted reproduction, none of the women or newborns seroconverted to HIV-positive.
Reviewing: Vitorino RL et al. Fertil Steril 2011 Apr 95:1684
NEWS IN CONTEXT
October 3, 2011 | Raphael J. Landovitz, MD, MSc | HIV/AIDS Clinical Care
Evaluation of oral tenofovir/FTC and tenofovir gel will continue as planned.
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
The theory's attractive, but a new test still needs to be validated.
Reviewing: Bischof JJ et al. AIDS 2011 Sep 24; 25:1927
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
October 3, 2011 | Timothy J. Henrich, MD | HIV/AIDS Clinical Care
Available evidence supports confirmatory treponemal-specific testing for patients who have an initial positive syphilis immunoassay followed by a negative RPR result.
Reviewing: Park IU et al. J Infect Dis 2011 Sep 19; 204:1297
Hoover KW and Radolf JD. J Infect Dis 2011 Nov 1; 204:1295
FEATURE
October 3, 2011 | HIV/AIDS Clinical Care
Insights and observations from the principal investigator of the HPTN 052 trial
SUMMARY AND COMMENT
September 26, 2011 | Abigail Zuger, MD | HIV/AIDS Clinical Care
Low bone-mineral density was more common than expected among HIV-negative men who have sex with men and was correlated with amphetamine and inhalant use.
Reviewing: Liu AY et al. PLoS ONE 2011 Aug 29; 6:e23688
FEATURE
September 26, 2011 | HIV/AIDS Clinical Care
Paul Sax, MD, pleads his case in his blog HIV and ID Observations.
Free Full-Text Article
Summary and Comment

Many Unaware of Their HIV-Positive Status Despite High Rates of Testing

The results illustrate the need for frequent repeat testing and comprehensive prevention efforts.
HIV counseling and testing (HCT) is an important entry point for accessing HIV treatment and prevention services. Ideally, HCT should be performed at regular intervals, especially for sexually active individuals living in high-prevalence settings. In a recent (2010) cross-sectional study, researchers assessed HCT uptake and HIV prevalence among 1300 individuals (age, >15) randomly selected from a peri-urban community near Cape Town, South Africa. Field workers visited the homes of these individuals up to five times to encourage them to undergo free HCT through a mobile HIV testing service; 88% eventually accepted.
Overall, 23% of study participants tested positive for HIV infection. Remarkably, 45% of these cases represented new diagnoses, even though most of the study participants had been tested for HIV before (71% overall; 38% in the previous year). The proportion of study participants with a new HIV diagnosis was 18% among those who had never been tested before and 9% among those who had. This proportion varied by the timing of the most recent test — 5% among those tested within the preceding year, 8% among those tested 1 to 2 years previously, and 20% among those tested >2 years previously. The prevalence of HIV infection was highest (42%) among women aged 25 to 35, whereas the proportion of positive tests that were new diagnoses was significantly higher among men (62%, vs. 37% among women).
Comment: The large proportion of individuals with new HIV diagnoses in this community, even among those who had an HIV test in the preceding year, underscores the need for frequent repeat HIV testing — and also indicates high underlying incidence rates. HCT and awareness alone are insufficient to reduce HIV acquisition.
Published in Journal Watch HIV/AIDS Clinical Care October 17, 2011
Citation(s):
Kranzer K et al. High prevalence of self-reported undiagnosed HIV despite high coverage of HIV testing: A cross-sectional population based sero-survey in South Africa. PLoS ONE 2011 Sep 28; 6:e25244. (http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025244)

miércoles, 14 de septiembre de 2011

INFORMACIÓN SOBRE VIH SIDA EN ECUADOR AL 2010

Estimados colegas, en breve se colocaran los datos oficiales relacionados con la epidemia del VIH al 2010.

Saludos

Dr. Carlos Erazo

jueves, 11 de agosto de 2011

http://www.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/documents/unaidspublication/2011/JC2141_UNAIDS_GLOBAL_FUND.PDF

UNAIDS has the authority and capacity to bring partners
together and create opportunities for us to share information and
reach consensus on key issues. At the Global Fund Implementers
Forum organized by UNAIDS in Dakar, April 2011, we openly
and constructively discussed our experiences of working with the
Global Fund, and, with UNAIDS support, we made sure that the
voice of civil society has been taken into account.

The world can achieve the UNAIDS vision of zero new HIV
infections, zero discrimination and zero AIDS-related deaths.
UNAIDS and the Global Fund have a critical part to play in
achieving this vision. We are stronger together.
Michel Sidibé,
Executive Director, UNAIDS

Characteristics Associated with HIV Infection Among Heterosexuals in Urban Areas with High AIDS Prevalence 24 Cities, United States, 2006--2007

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MMWR Weekly
Volume 60, No. 31
August 12, 2011
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REPORTS
Characteristics Associated with HIV Infection Among Heterosexuals in Urban Areas with High AIDS Prevalence
24 Cities, United States, 2006--2007
full textfull text
Human Rabies from Exposure to a Vampire Bat in Mexico
Louisiana, 2010
full textfull text
Progress Toward Poliomyelitis Eradication
Nigeria, January 2010--June 2011
full textfull text
Notifiable Diseases and Mortality Tables
full textfull text

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CONFORMACION DE DISTRITOS PRELIMINARES

Estimados colegas para su conocimiento. 

El Ministerio de Salud Pública en coordinación con el Ministerio de Inclusión Económica y Social , el Ministerio de Educación y SENPLADES ha venido trabajando en la conformación de los Distritos Administrativos, para lo cual se ha contado coon el apoyo de las Direcciones Provinciales de Salud a  nivel nacional, así como de las instancias técnicas de la Planta Central.

Se pone a conocimiento los Distritos Preliminares.

Zona 1   Provincias de Esmeraldas, Carchi, Imbabura, Sucumbios
             

Zona 2  Provincias de Pichincha, Napo, Orellana
            
Zona 3  Provincias de Cotopaxi,Tungurahua,Chimborazo,Pastaza
            

Zona 4  Provincias Manabí, Santo Domingo de los Taschilas
           

Zona 5  Provincias Santa Elena, Guayas, Los Rios, Bolivar, Galápagos
           

Zona 6  Provincias Cañar, Azuay, Morona Santiago
            

Zona 7  Provincias.  El Oro, Loja, Zamora Chinchipe
           

Zona 8  Cantones Guayaquil Samborondon, Duran


Zona 9  Cantón Quito


Saludos






miércoles, 10 de agosto de 2011

LEY DE PREVENCION Y ASISTENCIA INTEGRAL DEL VIH/SIDA EN EL ECUADOR

http://es.scribd.com/doc/14600158/Ley-de-prevencion-y-asistencia-integral-del-VIH-SIDA-Ecuador

"LEY INTEGRAL SOBRE VIH-SIDA
 
EXPOSICIÓN DE MOTIVOS
 
El Proyecto de Ley Integral sobre VIH-SIDA, que se pone a consideración, constituye una propuesta de abordaje del problema del VIH-SIDA desde una perspectiva de desarrollo humano, que busca superar la fragmentada visión médica o biomédica de esta realidad hasta ahora imperante en el país, yproporcionar respuestas integradas que atiendan tanto la epidemia del VIH como la infección, lo cual implica modificar nuestra forma de percibir el problema y sus implicaciones.
La propuesta es producto de un proceso de creación colectiva, paciente y riguroso, extensamente discutido y validado, que comprometió esfuerzos de instituciones del Estado, organizaciones de la sociedad civil y especialistas de distintas formaciones académicas. Por iniciativa de las ONGs con trabajo en VIH-SIDA, cuya experiencia y constatación práctica de las limitaciones de la normativa vigente les impulsó a determinar la necesidad de generar una nueva legislación, es que ahora se cuenta con un proyecto elaborado participativamente y que incluye una visión integral para el abordaje del tema relacionado con el VIH-SIDA. Sus borradores han sido sometidos al estudio y análisis de diferentes ministerios y en la última fase, a la validación de múltiples actores y actoras en dos talleres en que se aprobaron los textos finales."

jueves, 7 de julio de 2011

New Regimens to Prevent Tuberculosis in Adults with HIV Infection

 http://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMoa1005136

Background
Treatment of latent tuberculosis in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) is efficacious, but few patients around the world receive such treatment.
We evaluated three new regimens for latent tuberculosis that may be more
potent and durable than standard isoniazid treatment.
Methods
We randomly assigned South African adults with HIV infection and a positive tuberculin
skin test who were not taking antiretroviral therapy to receive rifapentine
(900 mg) plus isoniazid (900 mg) weekly for 12 weeks, rifampin (600 mg) plus isoniazid
(900 mg) twice weekly for 12 weeks, isoniazid (300 mg) daily for up to 6 years
(continuous isoniazid), or isoniazid (300 mg) daily for 6 months (control group). The
primary end point was tuberculosis-free survival.
Results
The 1148 patients had a median age of 30 years and a median CD4 cell count of
484 per cubic millimeter. Incidence rates of active tuberculosis or death were 3.1 per
100 person-years in the rifapentine–isoniazid group, 2.9 per 100 person-years in the
rifampin–isoniazid group, and 2.7 per 100 person-years in the continuous-isoniazid
group, as compared with 3.6 per 100 person-years in the control group (P>0.05 for
all comparisons). Serious adverse reactions were more common in the continuousisoniazid
group (18.4 per 100 person-years) than in the other treatment groups (8.7
to 15.4 per 100 person-years). Two of 58 isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (3.4%)
were found to have multidrug resistance.
Conclusions
On the basis of the expected rates of tuberculosis in this population of HIV-infected
adults, all secondary prophylactic regimens were effective. Neither a 3-month course
of intermittent rifapentine or rifampin with isoniazid nor continuous isoniazid was
superior to 6 months of isoniazid. (Funded by the National Institute of Allergy and
Infectious Diseases and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00057122.)

viernes, 10 de junio de 2011

CHronIC Care for HIV and nonCommunICable dIseases

Estimados colegas  aqui les envio la información para el cuidado integral de las personas viviendo con VIH , y con enfermedades  crónicas no transmisibles.

Este es el link para bajarse el libro en PDF.

http://www.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/documents/unaidspublication/2011/20110526_JC2145_Chronic_care_of_HIV.pdf

Saludos

Carlos Erazo

INFORMACIÓN DISPONIBLE SOBRE VIH - SIDA EN ECUADOR.

HIV/AIDS SURVEILLANCE DATA BASE

World Map

COUNTRY AND RECORD SELECTION CRITERIA
HOMEMAPSHELP

ESTIMADOS COLEGAS ESTE ES EL LINK PARA IDENTIFCIAR LA FUENTE DE LA INFORMACION DISPONIBLE EN EL ECUADOR Y CONOCIDA EN EL MUNDO ENTERO.




 http://hivaidssurveillancedb.org/hivdb/RecordSelPage.aspx

SALUDOS

DR. CARLOS ERAZO


Prevalence, in Percent, of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) for: Ecuador
  Number of records found = 79.Data Quality = All
Geographic AreaReference DatePopulation SubGroupSexAgePrev. RateSample SizeVirus TypeSpecimen TypeType of TestSource IDComments
Chone2001HomosexualsMALL044HIV1BWELISA, WBM0835Port city.
Colta1988-1989Indian urban populationBALL094HIV1BELISA, WBC0103Located in Chimborazo Province.
Colta1988-1989Indian urban populationBALL094HIV2BELISA, WBC0103Located in Chimborazo Province.
De Agosto1988-1989Indian urban populationBALL017HIV1BELISA, WBC0103Located in Pastaza Province.
De Agosto1988-1989Indian urban populationBALL017HIV2BELISA, WBC0103Located in Pastaza Province.
Eastern Ecuador1983IndiansBALL070HIVBELISAL0031Waorani Indians.
Esmeraldas1988VolunteersBALL0422HIVBELISA, WBR0020
Esmeraldas1988HomosexualsMALL020HIVBELISA, WBR0020
Esmeraldas1988-1989Black prostitutesFALL037HIV2BELISA, WBC0103Located in Esmeraldas province.
Esmeraldas1988-1989Black prostitutesFALL037HIV1BELISA, WBC0103Located in Esmeraldas Province.
Esmeraldas1988ProstitutesFALL1.5664HIVBELISAR0020
Four cities2001-2002HomosexualsMALL2.82142HIV1BWELISA*2, WBM0886Men having sex w/ men (MSM). Age 18+. Also, see B0549.
Guayaquil1999-2001HomosexualsMALL27.75227HIV1BWELISA*2, WBM0886Men having sex w/ men (MSM). Age 18+. Also, see B0549.
Guayaquil1992STI pts.BALL1.28390HIV1BELISA, WBR0148Attending a STI clinic. Age range 15-45 yrs. Apr. 92.
Guayaquil1992STI pts.BALL1.79390HIV1BELISA, WBB0300
Guayaquil2000-2001ProstitutesFALL2.11047HIV1BWELISA*2, WBM0886Recruited from brothels, saunas, massage houses, parks, & streets. Age 18+. Also, see B0598.
Guayaquil1992Pregnant womenFALL0.26390HIV1BELISA, WBB0300Age range 15-45 yrs.
Guayaquil2001HomosexualsMALL24.7497HIV1BWELISA, WBM0835Port city.
Guayaquil1992STI pts.BALL1.931190HIV1BELISA, WBR0104Largest city in Ecuador.
Guayaquil1993STI pts.BALL3.581395HIV1BELISA, WBR0104Largest city in Ecuador.
Guayaquil2006HomosexualsMALL19541HIVBRAPID,WBG0474Men having sex with men (MSM). Prevalence approximated from a graph. Feb. - June 06. RAPID test: Determine.
National1988Blood donors - volunteerBALL025358HIVBELISA, WBL0035Includes donors from Quito & provincial cities. Sept. 86 - Dec. 88.
National1986Blood donors - volunteerBALL0.036524HIVBELISA, WBL0035Includes donors from Quito & provincial cities. Sept. 86 - Dec. 88.
National1994Blood donorsBALL0.188133HIVBELISAS032690 % of blood donors were screened.
National1987Blood donors - volunteerBALL020282HIVBELISA, WBL0035Includes donors from Quito & provincial cities. Sept. 86 - Dec. 88.
Not specified1989(?)HemophiliacsBALL0141HIVBELISA, WBR0020
Not specified1988Military recruitsBALL07187HIVBELISA, WBL0035Group also includes other institutional personel.
Not specified1999-2002ProstitutesFALL1.8N/AHIV1BWELISA, WBC0504Only the prevalence rate was given. Age 18+. Recruited from brothels, massage parlors, hotels, & streets.
Not specified1988Promiscuous individualsBALL091HIVBELISA, WBL0035
Not specified1988ProstitutesFALL0100HIVBELISA, WBL0035
Not specified1989Blood donorsBALL0.0228672HIVBUNKR0043
Not specified1988HemophiliacsBALL1.7557HIVBELISA, WBL0035
Not specified2008(?)HomosexualsMALL15.1916HIVBUNKB0741Men having sex w/ men (MSM).
Not specified1988Homosexuals & bisexualsMALL57.6926HIVBELISA, WBL0035
Portoviejo2001HomosexualsMALL4.0898HIV1BWELISA, WBM0835Port city.
Quininde1988ProstitutesFALL0100HIVBELISA, WBR0020
Quito2000-2001ProstitutesFALL0.5200HIV1BWELISA*2, WBM0886Recruited from brothels, saunas, massage houses, parks, & streets. Age 18+. Also, see B0598.
Quito1988Blood donors - volunteerBALL017884HIVBELISA, WBR0020Red Cross blood bank.
Quito1992Blood donorsBALL0N/AHIV1BELISA, WBR0093Only the prevalence rate was given.
Quito1988-1989Out-pts.BALL050HIV2BELISA, WBC0103Race: White & halfcaste.
Quito1991STI pts.BALL1.4143HIV1BUNKR0104Various STI treatment sites.
Quito1988-1989ProstitutesFALL094HIV2BELISA, WBC0103Race: White & halfcaste.
Quito2001HomosexualsMALL11.1145HIV1BWELISA, WBM0835Located in Andean region.
Quito1987Blood donors - volunteerBALL0955HIVBELISA, WBR0020Other blood banks.
Quito1990Prostitutes - high SES/incomeFALL0151HIV1BELISA, WBR0054High social economic status. Worked in bars & nightclubs in Mariscal area in the Red Zone of Quito. Oct. - Dec. 90.
Quito1988-1989Hospital personnelBALL057HIV2BELISA, WBC0103Race: White & halfcaste.
Quito1986Partners of AIDS pts.FALL6.2516HIVBELISA, WBR0020
Quito1988HomosexualsMALL28.5714HIVBELISA, WBR0020
Quito1988-1989STI pts.BALL0159HIV1BELISA, WBC0103Race: White & halfcaste.
Quito1988-1989ProstitutesFALL094HIV1BELISA, WBC0103Race: White & halfcaste.
Quito1988-1989STI pts.BALL0159HIV2BELISA, WBC0103Race: White & halfcaste.
Quito1988-1989Hospitalized pts.BALL099HIV2BELISA, WBC0103Race: White & halfcaste.
Quito1988-1989Blood donorsBALL0396HIV2BELISA, WBC0103Race: White & halfcaste.
Quito1988Blood donors - volunteerBALL01429HIVBELISA, WBR0020Other blood banks.
Quito1992STI pts.BALL0.52191HIV1BELISA, WBR0093Four STI centers.
Quito1988-1989Hospitalized pts.BALL099HIV1BELISA, WBC0103Race: White & halfcaste.
Quito1999-2001HomosexualsMALL14.45263HIV1BWELISA*2, WBM0886Men having sex w/ men (MSM). Age 18+. Also, see B0549.
Quito1991STI pts.BALL1.23163HIV1BELISA, WBR0093Four STI centers. Nov. - Dec. 91.
Quito1988-1989Blood donorsBALL0.51396HIV1BELISA, WBC0103Race: White & halfcaste.
Quito1988-1989Out-pts.BALL050HIV1BELISA, WBC0103Race: White & halfcaste.
Quito1988-1989Hospital personnelBALL057HIV1BELISA, WBC0103Race: White & halfcaste.
Quito1988PrisonersBALL0662HIVBELISA, WBR0020
Quito1987Military cadetsBALL0487HIVBELISA, WBR0020
Quito1987Blood donors - volunteerBALL016978HIVBELISA, WBR0020Red Cross blood bank.
Quito & Guayaquil2000-2001ProstitutesF18Y25Y1.86590HIV1BWELISA*2, WBB0598Recruited from brothels, saunas, massage houses, parks, & streets.
Quito & Guayaquil2000-2001ProstitutesFALL1.841247HIV1BWELISA*2, WBB0598Recruited from brothels, saunas, massage houses, parks, & streets. Age 18+. Breakdown by age is provided & by city in M0886.
Quito & Guayaquil2000-2001ProstitutesF26Y+1.69650HIV1BWELISA*2, WBB0598Recruited from brothels, saunas, massage houses, parks, & streets.
Quito & Guayaquil1987-1988ProstitutesFALL0369HIVBUNKR0054
San Cristobal island1988-1989General populationBALL0127HIV1BELISA, WBC0103Located in Galapagos Province.
San Cristobal island1988-1989General populationBALL0127HIV2BELISA, WBC0103Located in Galapagos Province.
Sangolqui1988-1989Indian urban populationBALL053HIV1BELISA, WBC0103
Sangolqui1988-1989Indian urban populationBALL053HIV2BELISA, WBC0103
Six cities1999-2002HomosexualsMALL16.61632HIV1BWELISA*2, WBB0549Cities: Quito, Guayaquil, & 4 port cities. Breakdown by age is provided.
Six cities1999-2002HomosexualsM25Y29Y23.2125HIV1BWELISA*2, WBB0549Cities: Quito, Guayaquil, & 4 port cities.
Six cities1999-2002HomosexualsM30Y+20.4201HIV1BWELISA*2, WBB0549Cities: Quito, Guayaquil, & 4 port cities.
Six cities1999-2002HomosexualsM18Y20Y11.11126HIV1BWELISA*2, WBB0549Cities: Quito, Guayaquil, & 4 port cities.
Six cities1999-2002HomosexualsM21Y24Y11.9168HIV1BWELISA*2, WBB0549Cities: Quito, Guayaquil, & 4 port cities.
St. Domingo1987ProstitutesFALL0105HIVBELISA, WBR0020
Sucumbios Province1993ProstitutesFALL0390HIV1BELISAB0300Age range 18-50 yrs.